Single-working-medium vapor combined cycle

ABSTRACT

The single-working-medium vapor combined cycle is provided in this invitation and belongs to the field of energy and power technology. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting of thirteen processes which are conducted with M1 kg of working medium, M2 kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly: performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M1 kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (2) to (3) of the M1 kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M1 kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the M1 kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (8) of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (8) to (5) of the M2 kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M1+M2) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M1+M2) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (7) to (f) of the (M1+M2) kg of working medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) of the (M1+M2) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M1+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (9) to (1) of the (M1+H) kg of working medium.

FIELD

The present invention belongs to the flied of energy and powertechnology.

BACKGROUND

Cold demand, heat demand and power demand are common in human life andproduction. It is an important way to obtain and provide power by theconversion of thermal energy into mechanical energy. In general, thetemperature of heat source reduces and varies with the release of heat.When fossil fuels are used as the primary energy, the heat source hasthe dual characteristics of both high temperature and variabletemperature. Therefore, only one single thermodynamic cycle cannotachieve an ideal efficiency for refrigeration, heating or powergeneration.

Take the vapor power device with external combustion for example, itsheat source has the dual characteristics of high temperature andvariable temperature. For those vapor power devices based on the Rankinecycle, the material's temperature resistance and pressure resistanceabilities and safety concerns limit the parameters of the cycle'sworking medium. Therefore, there is a big temperature difference betweenthe working medium and the heat source, which leads to big irreversibleloss and low efficiency.

Humans need new basic theory of thermal science to use fuel or otherhigh temperature thermal energy simply, actively, efficiently forachieving refrigeration, heating or power. In the basic theory system ofthermal science, thermodynamic cycles are the theoretical basis ofthermal energy utilization devices, and the core of energy utilizationsystems. The establishment, development and application of thermodynamiccycles will play an important role in the rapid development of energyutilization and will promote actively for social progress andproductivity development.

Based on the principles of simple, active and efficient utilization oftemperature difference, aiming at the power generation application ofhigh temperature heat sources or variable temperature heat sources, andstriving to provide theoretical support for the simplification and highefficiency of thermo-power systems, the present invention proposes asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle.

THE CONTENTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The single working-medium vapor combined cycle and the vapor powerdevice for combined cycle are mainly provided in the present invention,and the specific content of the present invention is as follows:

1. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofthirteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (8)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (8) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6)to (7) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (7) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (9) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

2. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting offourteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (5) to (7) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (9) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (9) to (6) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (6) to (7) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (8)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (c)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

3. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting offourteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (7) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (9) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the M₂ kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6)to (7) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (8) to (f) of the(M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing processto set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kgof working medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state(9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (c) to (1) of the(M₁+H) kg of working medium.

4. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting offifteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (5) to (9) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (c) to (6) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (6) to (7) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the M₂ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (8)to (9) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (c) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

5. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting offifteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (5) to (6) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (6)to (9) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(c) to (7) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (7) to (8) of the M₂ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of theM₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set astate (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing amixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

6. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofsixteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (c) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6)to (9) of the X kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the(M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process toset a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performinga mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the(M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing amixing heat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

7. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofsixteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (8) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (8) to (a) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensationprocess to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) of the(M₂-M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to seta state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (7)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (9)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

8. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofseventeen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (7) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(9) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingand condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a)to (6) of the (M₂-M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂-M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the(M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to seta state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing amixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

9. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofseventeen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (4) to (7) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (9) to (a) ofthe M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) ofthe (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process toset a state (5) to (6) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (7)to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

10. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofeighteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (9) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(c) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingand condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a)to (6) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the(M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to seta state (8) to (9) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set astate (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of workingmedium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d)of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium.

11. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofeighteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (6) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (6) to (9) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (c) to (a) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set astate (a) to (b) of the M kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (a) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (7)to (8) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (f) of the(M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing processto set a state (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kgof working medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state(c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d) to (1) of the(M₁+H) kg of working medium.

12. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofnineteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (c) to (a) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensationprocess to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) of the(M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to seta state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (9) of the X kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (6)to (7) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kgof working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state(8) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a type 1 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a type 2 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a type 3 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a type 4 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a type 5 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a type 6 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a type 7 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a type 8 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a type 9 example general flow chart of a single-working-mediumcombined cycle provided in the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a type 10 example general flow chart of asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle provided in the presentinvention.

FIG. 11 is a type 11 example general flow chart of asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle provided in the presentinvention.

FIG. 12 is a type 12 example general flow chart of asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle provided in the presentinvention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The first thing to note is that, when describing the cycle's structuresand processes, the processes will not be repeatedly described if notnecessary, and the obvious processes will not be described. The detaileddescription of the present invention is as follows:

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 1 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts thirteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set astate (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (8) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(8) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the(M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to seta state (7) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing amixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (9) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-8 is released by theheat-releasing process f-8 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The process 2-3 of M₁ kg of working medium, theprocess 4-5 of M₁ kg of working medium and the process 5-6 of (M₁+M₂) kgof working medium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an externalheat source, or by the heat-releasing process 7-f of (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium (regeneration) and an external heat source.

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium in process 7-f can be sent externally to meet thecorresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorption demand ofother processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it. Thetemperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to 8 points. Theheat-releasing process f-8 is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kgof working medium in process 9-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process 8-5 of M₂ kg of working medium is usuallyachieved by a compressor. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 6-7 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and the depressurization(and expansion) process 8-9 of (M₁+H) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by expanders. The total expansion work output is greater thanthe total pressurization work input; therefore, thermal energy isconverted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 2 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts fourteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set astate (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (5) to (7) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (e) to (9) of the H kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (9) to (6) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (6) to (7)of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set astate (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of workingmedium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (9) to (c)of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-9 is released by theheat-releasing process f-9 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The process 2-3 of M₁ kg of working medium, theprocess 4-5 of M₁ kg of working medium and the process 6-7 of M₂ kg ofworking medium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an externalheat source, or by the heat-releasing process 8-f of (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium (regeneration) and an external heat source.

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium in process 8-f can be sent externally to meet thecorresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorption demand ofother processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it. Thetemperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to 9 points. Theheat-releasing process f-9 is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kgof working medium in process c-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process 9-6 of M₂ kg of working medium is usuallyachieved by a compressor. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 5-7 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process 9-c of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 3 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts fourteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set astate (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (7) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(9) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (5) to (6) of the M₂ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of theM₂ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process to set astate (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set astate (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of workingmedium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (9) to (c)of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-9 is released by theheat-releasing process f-9 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The process 2-3 of M₁ kg of working medium, theprocess 4-7 of M₁ kg of working medium and the process 5-6 of M₂ kg ofworking medium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an externalheat source, or by the heat-releasing process 8-f of (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium (regeneration) and an external heat source.

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium in process 8-f can be sent externally to meet thecorresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorption demand ofother processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it. Thetemperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to 9 points. Theheat-releasing process f-9 is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kgof working medium in process c-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process 9-5 of M₂ kg of working medium is usuallyachieved by a compressor. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 6-7 of M₂ kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process 9-c of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 4 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts fifteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set astate (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (5) to (9) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (c) to (6) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (6) to (7)of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (7) to (8) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (8) to (9) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (f) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixing heat-releasingprocess to set a state (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working mediumand H kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process to seta state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d) to (1) of the(M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-c is released by theheat-releasing process f-c of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The process 2-3 of M₁ kg of working medium, theprocess 4-5 of M₁ kg of working medium and the process 6-7 of M₂ kg ofworking medium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an externalheat source, or by the heat-releasing process 9-f of (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium (regeneration) and an external heat source.

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released M₂ kg ofworking medium in process 8-9 and (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium inprocess 9-f can be sent externally to meet the corresponding heatdemand, or used for the heat absorption demand of other processes in thecombined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium mixes with H kgof working medium and releases eat to it. The temperature of (M₁+M₂) kgof working medium is reduced to c points. The heat-releasing process f-cis completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kg of working medium inprocess d-1 is usually released to the low-temperature heat sink, or besupplied to the heat user when cogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process c-6 of M₂ kg of working medium is usuallyachieved by a compressor. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 5-9 of M₂ kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of M₂ kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process c-d of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 5 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts fifteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set astate (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (5) to (6) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (6) to (9) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (c) to (7) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (7) to (8) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of the M₂ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (9)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-c is released by theheat-releasing process f-c of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The process 2-3 of M₁ kg of working medium, theprocess 4-5 of M₁ kg of working medium and the process 5-6 of M₂ kg ofworking medium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an externalheat source, or by the heat-releasing process 6-9 of M₁ kg of workingmedium (regeneration) and the heat-releasing process 9-f of (M₁+M₂) kgof working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released M₁ kg ofworking medium in process 6-9 and (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium inprocess 9-f can be sent externally to meet the corresponding heatdemand, or used for the heat absorption demand of other processes in thecombined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium mixes with H kgof working medium and releases eat to it. The temperature of (M₁+M₂) kgof working medium is reduced to c points. The heat-releasing process f-cis completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kg of working medium inprocess d-1 is usually released to the low-temperature heat sink, or besupplied to the heat user when cogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process c-7 of M₂ kg of working medium is usuallyachieved by a compressor. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 5-6 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 8-9 of M₂ kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process c-d of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 6 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts sixteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set astate (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (5) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(c) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (6) to (9) of the Xkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (6) to (7) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kgof working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state(8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-c is released by theheat-releasing process f-c of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and processf-9 of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, or by an external heat source.The process 2-3 of M₁ kg of working medium, the process 4-5 of M₁ kg ofworking medium and the process 5-6 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium andthe process 6-7 of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, the absorbed heat isusually provided by an external heat source, or by the heat-releasingprocess 8-f of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium (regeneration) and anexternal heat source.

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released(M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium in process 8-f can be sent externally tomeet the corresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorptiondemand of other processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂−X) kgof working medium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat toit. The temperature of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium is reduced to 9points. The heat-releasing process f-9 is completed. (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it.The temperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to c points.The heat-releasing process 9-c is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H)kg of working medium in process d-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process c-5 of M₂ kg of working medium is usuallyachieved by a compressor. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of M₁ kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 6-9 of X kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process c-d of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 7 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts sixteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b)of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption andvaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3)to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (e) to (8) of the H kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (8) to (a) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set astate (a) to (b) of the M kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (5)to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (7)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (9)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-8 is released by theheat-releasing process f-8 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The heat to be absorbed by M₁ kg of working mediumin process 2-b is released by M kg of superheated vapor during themixing process or an external heat source can be provided at the sametime. The process b-3 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the process 4-5 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium and the process 5-6 of (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an external heatsource, or by an external heat source and the heat-releasing process 7-fof (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium in process 7-f can be sent externally to meet thecorresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorption demand ofother processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it. Thetemperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to 8 points. Theheat-releasing process f-8 is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kgof working medium in process 9-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process 8-a of M₂ kg of working medium and thepressurization process a-5 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by compressors. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 6-7 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and the depressurization(and expansion) process 8-9 of (M₁+H) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by expanders. The total expansion work output is greater thanthe total pressurization work input; therefore, thermal energy isconverted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 8 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts seventeen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b)of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption andvaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3)to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (5) to (7) of the(M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to seta state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (9) to (a) ofthe M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (6) ofthe (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process toset a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (8)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (c)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-9 is released by theheat-releasing process f-9 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The heat to be absorbed by M₁ kg of working mediumin process 2-b is released by M kg of superheated vapor during themixing process or an external heat source can be provided at the sametime. The process b-3 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the process 4-5 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium and the process 6-7 of (M₂−M) kg of workingmedium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an external heatsource, or by an external heat source and the heat-releasing process 8-fof (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium in process 8-f can be sent externally to meet thecorresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorption demand ofother processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it. Thetemperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to 9 points. Theheat-releasing process f-9 is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kgof working medium in process c-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process 9-a of M₂ kg of working medium and thepressurization process a-6 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by compressors. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 5-7 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process 9-c of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 9 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts seventeen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b)of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption andvaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3)to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionand vaporization process to set a state (4) to (7) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (9) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (9) to (a) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensationprocess to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) of the(M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to seta state (5) to (6) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (7)to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-9 is released by theheat-releasing process f-9 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The heat to be absorbed by M₁ kg of working mediumin process 2-b is released by M kg of superheated vapor during themixing process or an external heat source can be provided at the sametime. The process b-3 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the process 4-7 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium and the process 5-6 of (M₂−M) kg of workingmedium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an external heatsource, or by an external heat source and the heat-releasing process 8-fof (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium in process 8-f can be sent externally to meet thecorresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorption demand ofother processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of workingmedium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it. Thetemperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to 9 points. Theheat-releasing process f-9 is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kgof working medium in process c-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process 9-a of M₂ kg of working medium and thepressurization process a-5 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by compressors. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 6-7 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process 9-c of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 10 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts eighteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b)of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption andvaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3)to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (5) to (9) of the(M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to seta state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (c) to (a) ofthe M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (6) ofthe (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process toset a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (8)to (9) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (c) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-c is released by theheat-releasing process f-c of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The heat to be absorbed by M₁ kg of working mediumin process 2-b is released by M kg of superheated vapor during themixing process or an external heat source can be provided at the sametime. The process b-3 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the process 4-5 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium and the process 6-7 of (M₂−M) kg of workingmedium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an external heatsource, or by an external heat source, the heat-releasing process 8-9 of(M₂−M) kg of working medium (regeneration) and the heat-releasingprocess 9-f of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₂−M)kg of working medium in process 8-9 and (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium inprocess 9-f can be sent externally to meet the corresponding heatdemand, or used for the heat absorption demand of other processes in thecombined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium mixes with H kgof working medium and releases eat to it. The temperature of (M₁+M₂) kgof working medium is reduced to c points. The heat-releasing process f-cis completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kg of working medium inprocess d-1 is usually released to the low-temperature heat sink, or besupplied to the heat user when cogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process c-a of M₂ kg of working medium and thepressurization process a-6 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by compressors. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 5-9 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process c-d of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 11 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts eighteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b)of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption andvaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3)to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (5) to (6) of the(M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to seta state (6) to (9) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (c) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of theM kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set astate (a) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (8)to (9) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (c) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-c is released by theheat-releasing process f-c of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The heat to be absorbed by M₁ kg of working mediumin process 2-b is released by M kg of superheated vapor during themixing process or an external heat source can be provided at the sametime. The process b-3 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the process 4-5 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium and the process 7-8 of (M₂−M) kg of workingmedium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an external heatsource, or by an external heat source, the heat-releasing process 6-9 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium (regeneration) and the heat-releasingprocess 9-f of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released (M₁+M)kg of working medium in process 6-9 and (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium inprocess 9-f can be sent externally to meet the corresponding heatdemand, or used for the heat absorption demand of other processes in thecombined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium mixes with H kgof working medium and releases eat to it. The temperature of (M₁+M₂) kgof working medium is reduced to c points. The heat-releasing process f-cis completed. The heat released by (M₁+H) kg of working medium inprocess d-1 is usually released to the low-temperature heat sink, or besupplied to the heat user when cogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process c-a of M₂ kg of working medium and thepressurization process a-7 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by compressors. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 5-6 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 8-9 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process c-d of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The T-s diagram of the single-working-medium vapor combined cycle inFIG. 12 works as follows:

(1) From the perspective of the cycle's processes.

The working medium conducts nineteen processes: performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b)of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption andvaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (3)to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (c) to (a) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set astate (a) to (b) of the M kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (5)to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (9) of the X kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (6)to (7) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kgof working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state(8) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.

(2) From the perspective of energy conversion.

{circle around (1)} Heat absorption processes: The heat to be absorbedby H kg of working medium in process e-c is released by theheat-releasing process f-9 of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium and theheat-releasing process 9-c of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, or by anexternal heat source. The heat to be absorbed by M₁ kg of working mediumin process 2-b is released by M kg of superheated vapor during themixing process or an external heat source can be provided at the sametime. The process b-3 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the process 4-5 of(M₁+M) kg of working medium and the process 6-7 of (M₁+M₂−X) kg ofworking medium, the absorbed heat is usually provided by an externalheat source, or by an external heat source and the heat-releasingprocess 8-f of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium (regeneration).

{circle around (2)} Heat-releasing processes: The heat released(M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium in process 8-f can be sent externally tomeet the corresponding heat demand, or used for the heat absorptiondemand of other processes in the combined cycle partially. (M₁+M₂−X) kgof working medium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat toit. The temperature of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium is reduced to 9points. The heat-releasing process f-9 is completed. (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium mixes with H kg of working medium and releases eat to it.The temperature of (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium is reduced to c points.The heat-releasing process 9-c is completed. The heat released by (M₁+H)kg of working medium in process d-1 is usually released to thelow-temperature heat sink, or be supplied to the heat user whencogeneration is applicable.

{circle around (3)} Energy conversion processes. The pressurizationprocess 1-2 of M₁ kg of working medium and the pressurization process1-e of H kg of working medium are usually achieved by pumps. Thepressurization process c-a of M₂ kg of working medium and thepressurization process a-5 of (M₂−M) kg of working medium are usuallyachieved by compressors. The depressurization (and expansion) process3-4 of (M₁+M) kg of working medium, the depressurization (and expansion)process 6-9 of X kg of working medium, the depressurization (andexpansion) process 7-8 of (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium and thedepressurization (and expansion) process c-d of (M₁+H) kg of workingmedium are usually achieved by expanders. The total expansion workoutput is greater than the total pressurization work input; therefore,thermal energy is converted into power (the cycle's net work), and thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle is completed.

The technical effects of the present invention invention: Thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle proposed by the presentinvention has the following effects and advantages:

(1) A basic theory of thermal energy (temperature difference)utilization has been created.

(2) The present invention greatly reduces the amount of heat absorbed inthe phase-change region, and correspondingly increases the amount ofheat absorbed in the high-temperature region. Therefore, thesingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle can achieve high efficiency.

(3) The present invention possesses simple methods, reasonable processesand good applicability. It is a common technology to realize theeffective utilization of temperature differences.

(4) The present invention only uses a single working medium, which iseasy to produce and store; The present invention can also reduce theoperation cost and improve the flexibility of cycle regulation.

(5) The processes in the present invention are shared and reduced, whichprovides a theoretical basis for reducing equipment investment andimproves efficiency.

(6) In the high temperature region or the variable temperature region,both the cycle's working medium and the heat source medium conductvapor. Therefore, the temperature difference loss is reduced and theefficiency is improved.

(7) The present invention adopts the low-pressure and high-temperatureoperation mode in the high-temperature region; therefore, thecontradiction among thermal efficiency, the working medium's parametersand the material's temperature resistance and pressure resistanceabilities, which is common in traditional vapor power devices, can beresolved.

(8) Under the precondition of achieving a high thermal efficiency, thevapor power device provided in the present invention can operate at alow pressure. The present invention provides theoretical support forimproving the safety of device operation.

(9) The present invention possesses a wide range of applicable workingmedia. The present invention can match energy supply with demand well.It is flexible to match the working medium and the working parameters.

(10) The present invention expands the range of thermodynamic cycles fortemperature difference utilization, and contributes to ahigher-efficiency power generation of high-temperature heat sources andvariable-temperature heat sources.

What is claimed is:
 1. A single-working-medium vapor combined cyclemethod consisting of thirteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kgof working medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kg of working mediumseparately or jointly: performing a pressurization process to set astate (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (2) to (3) ofthe M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (8) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (8) to (5) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (7)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (9)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 2. A single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle method consisting of fourteen processes which areconducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kgof working medium separately or jointly: performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (2)to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process to set astate (5) to (7) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (9) to (6) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (6) to (7) of the M₂ kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (7)to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 3. Asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting of fourteenprocesses which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂ kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (2) to (3) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of theM₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (4) to (7) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (9) to (5) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the M₂ kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6)to (7) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (8) to (f) of the(M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing processto set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kgof working medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state(9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (c) to (1) of the(M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 4. A single-working-medium vapor combinedcycle method consisting of fifteen processes which are conducted with M₁kg of working medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kg of working mediumseparately or jointly: performing a pressurization process to set astate (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (2) to (3) ofthe M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (9) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(c) to (6) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the M₂ kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of theM₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set astate (8) to (9) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set astate (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of workingmedium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d)of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium.
 5. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle methodconsisting of fifteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg ofworking medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kg of working mediumseparately or jointly: performing a pressurization process to set astate (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (2) to (3) ofthe M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (6) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (6) to (9) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (c) to (7) of the M₂ kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (7) to (8)of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (8) to (9) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set astate (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of workingmedium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d)of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium.
 6. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle methodconsisting of sixteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg ofworking medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kg of working mediumseparately or jointly: performing a pressurization process to set astate (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (2) to (3) ofthe M₁ kg of working medium, performing a depressurization process toset a state (3) to (4) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (1)to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (e) to (c) of the H kg of working medium,performing a pressurization process to set a state (c) to (5) of the M₂kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (9) of the X kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (6)to (7) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kgof working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state(8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 7. A single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle method consisting of sixteen processes which areconducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kgof working medium separately or jointly: performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the(M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to seta state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (8)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (8) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of theM kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set astate (a) to (5) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6)to (7) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (7) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (8) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (9) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 8. Asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofseventeen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (7) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(9) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingand condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a)to (6) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the(M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to seta state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing amixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 9. Asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting ofseventeen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂kg of working medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (4) to (7) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (9) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (9) to (a) ofthe M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (5) ofthe (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process toset a state (5) to (6) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (7)to (8) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingprocess to set a state (8) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium,performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) ofthe (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performinga depressurization process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (c) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 10. Asingle-working-medium vapor combined cycle method consisting of eighteenprocesses which are conducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂ kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium separately or jointly:performing a pressurization process to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set astate (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption and vaporization process to set a state (b) to (3) ofthe (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurization processto set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performinga heat-absorption process to set a state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (5)to (9) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the Hkg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state(c) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasingand condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg ofworking medium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a)to (6) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the(M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process to seta state (8) to (9) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a mixing heat-releasing process to set astate (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium and H kg of workingmedium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (c) to (d)of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium.
 11. A single-working-medium vapor combined cycle methodconsisting of eighteen processes which are conducted with M₁ kg ofworking medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kg of working mediumseparately or jointly: performing a pressurization process to set astate (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b) of the M₁ kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporization process toset a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the (M₁+M) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (4)to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (6) to (9) of the(M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to seta state (1) to (e) of the H kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (c) to (a) ofthe M₂ kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing andcondensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of the M kg of workingmedium, performing a pressurization process to set a state (a) to (7) ofthe (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process toset a state (7) to (8) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (8) to (9) of the (M₂−M) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing process to set a state (9)to (f) of the (M₁+M₂) kg of working medium, performing a mixingheat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium and H kg of working medium, performing a depressurizationprocess to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium,performing a heat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (d)to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.
 12. A single-working-mediumvapor combined cycle method consisting of nineteen processes which areconducted with M₁ kg of working medium, M₂ kg of working medium and H kgof working medium separately or jointly: performing a pressurizationprocess to set a state (1) to (2) of the M₁ kg of working medium,performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (2) to (b) of the M₁kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption and vaporizationprocess to set a state (b) to (3) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (3) to (4) of the(M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorption process to seta state (4) to (5) of the (M₁+M) kg of working medium, performing apressurization process to set a state (1) to (e) of the H kg of workingmedium, performing a heat-absorption process to set a state (e) to (c)of the H kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process toset a state (c) to (a) of the M₂ kg of working medium, performing aheat-releasing and condensation process to set a state (a) to (b) of theM kg of working medium, performing a pressurization process to set astate (a) to (5) of the (M₂−M) kg of working medium, performing aheat-absorption process to set a state (5) to (6) of the (M₁+M₂) kg ofworking medium, performing a depressurization process to set a state (6)to (9) of the X kg of working medium, performing a heat-absorptionprocess to set a state (6) to (7) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium,performing a depressurization process to set a state (7) to (8) of the(M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performing a heat-releasing process toset a state (8) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium, performinga mixing heat-releasing process to set a state (f) to (9) of the(M₁+M₂−X) kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing amixing heat-releasing process to set a state (9) to (c) of the (M₁+M₂)kg of working medium and H kg of working medium, performing adepressurization process to set a state (c) to (d) of the (M₁+H) kg ofworking medium, performing a heat-releasing and condensation process toset a state (d) to (1) of the (M₁+H) kg of working medium.